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Environmental Inequalities in the Mekong River Basin: A systematic mapping of existing knowledge
How do accelerating environmental changes impact inequalities and how do rising inequalities affect, in reverse, environmental dynamics? Numerous studies have tackled one specific aspect of the relati...
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Inequality measurements: the impact of a correction for missing top incomes in a South African household surve...
Often the richest households are poorly captured in household surveys1, leading to a likely underestimate of inequality in analyses such as CEQ Assessments2 that conduct fiscal incidence using househo...
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South African housing subsidies: the challenges of measuring the impact of a productive asset
When analysing the impact of South African housing subsidies on poverty, Goldman, Woolard & Jellema (forthcoming) find that the housing programme looks less progressive than expected. They find bo...
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Inequality in sub-Saharan Africa: A Review Paper
Very little attention has been paid to African inequality dynamics in high-profile international discussions of changing global inequality despite the fact that African dynamics will become increasing...
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The distributional impacts of development cooperation projects
In 2015, world leaders committed, through the adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, to reduce inequalities. Accordingly, a specific Sustainable Development Goals Goal (SDG 10) has b...
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AFD and the water and sanitation sector in Uganda
Uganda has embarked on an ambitious Water and Sanitation Sector Development Program. In order to contribute to its achievement, AFD is focusing on three main strategic lines: Improving access to...
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France’s Anti-Corruption Strategy in Its Cooperation Action 2021-2030
Fighting corruption is central to the rule of law and a necessary condition for the respect of human rights. A global phenomenon affecting all countries, corruption weakens the legitimacy of public au...
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A Mosaic of Green Land in Niger
Located in semi-arid zones in Niger, the oasis basins in Gouré department are threatened by desertification. These islands of crops are essential for the lives of local residents. Th...
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Kanta Kiari, a vegetable grower at the heart of the Great Green Wall
Kanta Kiari, a vegetable grower in the Gouré Department in Niger, describes the progress and benefits of the PASAM project (project supporting the food security of households). PASAM is a project...
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Green Energy in South Africa
South Africa is an energy-intensive country and a major emitter of greenhouse gases because of the importance of the industrial sector in its gross domestic product (GDP), the use of coal for energy g...
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Evaluation summary - Policy-based loan on maritime logistics sector in Indonesia
In Indonesia, the policy-based loan on maritime logistics (CID1070 (DPL1), CID1072 (DPL2), CID1073 (TA)) was subject to an evaluation between September 2020 and Feb 2021. Transport and maritime log...
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Developing green mobility in Phuket (short version)
In Phuket, the Sustainable Urban TranspoRT and Heritage (SUTRHE) study, funded by the Agence Française de Développement (AFD), aims to analyse inclusive and environmentally friendly alternatives for b...
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Sports and Development - 2019-2020 Activity Report
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development highlights sports as a unifying and inclusive vehicle: it contributes directly to the achievement of 12 Sustainable Development Goals and indirectly to all...
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AFD Group 2020 Results: All you need to know in 12 pages
With the boost in France’s development policy and the mobilization of French stakeholders and other public development banks, AFD Group has been able to mount a rapid response to the crisis caused by...
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Minka, France’s development tool to take action before/during/after a crisis
Crises must be tackled urgently to mitigate their effects and over time to deal with them in depth. The Covid-19 pandemic is an example. It is a reminder of the urgent need to take full account of lon...
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Thailand
Thailand is an emerging country, with the second-largest economy of Southeast Asia. But it faces a triple challenge: an aging population, maintaining competitiveness and preserving the environment. AF...
Regions and countries

Education, Training, Employment - 2020 Activity Report
Education, lifelong training and access to employment are the cornerstones of more sustainable economic and social development. In 2020, AFD mobilized its financing to respond to the urgency of the...
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Protecting seawater in Lebanon, a permanent challenge
In Lebanon, the protection of water resources remains a challenge not to be dismissed. Only 24% of raw waster is treated at primary level. AFD contributes to the protection of the environment through...
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Cultural and Creative Industries - 2020 Activity Report
Cultural and creative industries (CCIs) are a powerful catalyst for fostering inclusive local development. They are also a useful tool for promoting the French language and for strengthening freedom o...
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Gender Equality - 2019-2020 Activity Report
Gender equality contributes to accelerating development. Women’s rights and their empowerment are central to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and are priorities for AFD. A key actor in F...
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